Promote positive interdependence. Design activities that rely on the participation of all team members. Expect individual accountability. Clearly establish expectations for individual student contribution and content mastery. Build in opportunities for peer-to-peer feedback. Expect group members to provide thoughtful and constructive feedback, seeking clarification for rationale as appropriate. Model and develop appropriate use of collaborative skills. Provide practice opportunities in trust building, communication and conflict management skills. Promote group self-assessment. Make team members responsible for setting group goals, periodically assessing what they are doing well as a team and identifying changes that will help them function more effectively in the future. At a minimum, cooperative and collaborative learning should include: sharing a learning task; combining expertise, knowledge, and skills; and building or consolidating a learning community.